Dog arthritis can be either degenerative or inflammatory joint disease that affects most large dogs and about one in five smaller adult dogs. Degenerative joint disease (osteoarthritis) is the result of the destruction of the cartilage that protects the bones that make up the joint. Injuries, falls, abnormal stress, or normal stress on abnormally formed joints can lead to this type of arthritis. Some types of degenerative joint disease, like hip dysplasia, patella luxation (loose kneecaps), and ruptured cruciate (knee) ligaments, can be corrected by surgery.


Inflammatory joint disease can be caused by infections or other underlying diseases. Symptoms of systemic illness (fever, vomiting, anorexia) may accompany inflammatory arthritis. Fungal infections, bacteria, and tick-borne diseases (like Rocky Mountain spotted fever) may cause this type of arthritis, in addition to immune system deficiencies and lupus. Rheumatoid arthritis is not common in dogs.

Signs of arthritis may include limping, yelping in pain when touched, difficulty rising from or returning to a resting position, and reluctance to walk, jump, climb stairs, or run.

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